
What would you do if a modest check arrived every month for the rest of your life, whether or not you showed up for work? Most people answer quickly and with confidence, and they expect strangers to answer differently, usually worse. That gap between how we think we would behave and how we expect others to behave runs through the whole argument over basic income, an idea backed at different times by Milton Friedman and Martin Luther King Jr., tried in some form by Iran's government and Alaska's oil fund, and voted down by roughly three in four Swiss voters.
The debate now has real evidence to argue over: Kenyan villages promised payments for twelve years, a Manitoba town whose records sat in boxes for decades, an English parish scheme blamed for ruining the rural poor on what turned out to be shaky proof. Learning what those cases show, and what they cannot, makes it possible to judge the next bold promise or dire warning on its merits. Underneath the numbers sits a question every citizen may one day face: if survival stopped depending on a paycheck, what would a good life be made of?
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