
In January 1077 the king of Germany stood barefoot in the snow outside an Italian castle for three days, waiting for a pope to forgive him. Two decades later knights from France and Germany were marching toward Jerusalem, and two and a half centuries after that a bacterium carried by fleas killed between a third and a half of Europe's people within a few years. The thousand years after Rome were not a pause between two brighter ages. They were when Europe's towns, universities, banks and arguments about church and state took shape.
You will meet a Frankish emperor who could barely write, a Viking leader paid off with a duchy, a peasant fined for selling weak ale, a Syrian nobleman with Frankish friends, and a student begging his parents for money. Along the way you will learn why many historians now distrust the words "Dark Ages" and "feudalism", how to read a chronicle against its enemies' version of the same massacre, and why a plague that killed so many left the survivors bargaining for better lives.
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